1.时态
如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。
如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。
The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.
城镇A的家庭数量从1937年到2020年将翻一番。
The number of homes in Town A is likely to double
(is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected to/is expected to )
又可为：
It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double.
(it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that….)
2.细节变化
地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节
3.语态
地图题用被动语态
如： 2000年在城镇A 新建了一个医院：A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000.
4.地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序
如2015年9月A 类TASK 1
The map shows the development of the village of Kelsbey between 1780 and 2000.
适用句式
★A 在B 的东方/西方/南方/北方
A is/ lies/ is located/ is situated in/on / to the east/west/south/north of B
(in 表A 在B 内部， ON 表A 和B接壤，TO 表A 和B 分开)
★A 在B 内部的某个部位
A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part of B.
★A在B 西北部的120 千米处
A lies 120 km to the northwest of B.
★A 在B….角落
A is at/in the south-eastern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部， in表A 在B 内部)
★在河流或道路的南边/北边等
On the south/southern side of the river
On both sides of the road
On the other side
★临近马路的地区
The area adjacent to/ near /next to/ just off the road
★在道路或河流的最南端
At the southern end of the river
★A 在B 的对面
A is on the opposite side of B
A is opposite B
★A 在B 东部的边界上(A 在B外部)
A is on the eastern border of B
★A 在B 东部边缘上 (A 在B 内部)
A is on/ along the eastern edge of B
5.“变化”词汇
地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化”词汇必须过关。
雅思中国网海外考试研究中心分析发现，变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。
我们先看图形原有事物的改变：
★原有事物可说成：
The original/previous/former garden
★原有事物尺寸上变大/变小：
The size of the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half
★原有事物在数量上增多或减少：
The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced /decreased/dropped/fallen/
doubled/ tripled/ quadrupled to 500.
★原有事物没了：
The farms completely disappeared/were removed.
★原有事物被改为：
A becomes B
A is transformed/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted/changed/turned over to/ into B
A is replaced /substituted by B = A gives way to B
★图形新添事物
A newly-built road
A new car park was built/established/set up/constructed/completed and opened in the middle of B
A new IT centre has been added to the library
The year 2000 saw two additions to the land： a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.
地图题的6个常用句式(前三个句子为主，后面的句子为连接和点缀)
句式1：located/situated/sited/built/constructed+地点
1. 一块湿地(wetland)在湖的西南面。
A wetland is located to the southeast of the lack.
句式2：地点+with+地点+方位
2. 这个地区有一个很大的树林，在南面有一个农场。
This region has large woodland with a farm to the south.
句式3：there be 句型
3. 东南角有两个学校。
There are two schools on the south-eastern corner of the area.
句式4：使用while, but 和and连接的句子
4. 城市的北面有一个山， 而南面有一个湖
A mountain is located to the north of the city, while there is a river to the south.
句式5： 倒装句
5. 河的南面有个博物馆。
To the south of the river was a library.
句式6：使用名词性从句(譬如说it should be noted that, it is worth noting that, it is noticeable that, we can see that, it is clear that, one significant change is that)
6. 值得注意的是这个图书馆在东侧有一长列的会议室。
