虽然说在雅思考试当中阅读，很多人都认为是有技巧的，但是技巧解题的表现一般就是在课堂上我们把题目解答出来而已，但是当你认真的去理解整句话的意思是很多考生都开始不说话，其实语法对我们来说也是很重要的。
雅思阅读语法：
一. 了解英语里的句子类型
英语句子的基本类型有简单句、并列句和复合句。
简单句：句子中只有一套主谓结构的叫简单句。
比如(剑桥5，Wilderness tourism operates throughout the year in fragile areas. )
这句话中只有一套主谓结构，主语是wilderness toursim，谓语动词是operates。
并列句：句子中有两套或者两套以上主谓结构，并且这些主谓结构之间属于并列关系。
比如 (剑桥7， The disastrous Hanshin earthquake in 1995 killed 6,400 people, toppled elevated highways, flattened office blocks and devastated the port area of Kobe. )
这句话中有4套主谓结构，分别是Hanshin earthquake killed, Hanshin earthquake toppled, Hanshin earthquake flattened and Hanshin earthquake devastated。因为这4个谓语动词共用一个主语Hanshin earthquake,所以作者在写这个句子的时候只让Hanshin earthquake出现一次。
复合句：其实也就是通常说的主从句结构。这样的句子里有两套或两套以上主谓结构，并且这些主谓结构之间属于从属关系。剑桥阅读的阅读中有太多这样的例子。
比如 (剑桥7， Japanese scholars have been mystified for ages about why these tall, slender buildings are so stable. )
这句话中有2套主谓结构，一个是主句中的Japanese scholars have been mystified, 另外一个是由why引导的宾语从句中的buildings are so stable. 宾语从句中的主谓结构从属于主语，因为它是作为整个句子的宾语部分而存在。
二、了解让句子变长的原因
相信很多学生对此有同感：阅读文章里的长句读着读着就迷失了，读了结尾就不知道开头在哪了。而写作文时要秀一下长句却往往心有意而力不足。接着我们就来看看是什么让英语句子变长了?真的总是如学生抱怨的那样，太多从句了吗?
比如：(剑桥7， Yet in 826, with only pegs and wedges to keep his wooden structure upright, the master builder Kobodaishi had no hesitation in sending his majestic Toji pagoda soaring fifty-five metres into the sky-nearly half as high as the Kasumigaseki skyscraper built some eleven centuries later.)
这个句子虽然看似很长，但其实是一个简单句。主语是the master builder Kobodaishi，谓语和宾语是had no hesitation in doing sth, 所以主干意思就是Kobodaishi建筑大师毫不犹豫去做了某件事情。至于yet in 826这是一个时间状语, with only pegs and wedges to keep his wooden structure upright 这也是with引导的一个伴随状语，nearly half as high as the Kasumigaseki skyscraper built some eleven centuries later这个补语，用来补充说明fifty-five metres into the sky究竟是有多高。由这个例子，我们可以得出一些附属句子成分像状语和补语会让句子变长。
再来看一个句子，比如(剑桥5，Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. )
这个句子里有2套主谓结构，一个是 attention has focused on, 另外一个是 more important are deforestation and impacts 并且这2套主谓结构由but相连，属于一个并列句。对剩下成分进行分析，我们发现，erosion后面有个短语along major trails, 这个是用来修饰限定erosion的，即主要步道沿路的侵蚀，impacts on water supply后面也有一个修饰成分arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. 因为需要给游客提供熟食和热水澡而引发的对水供给造成的影响。
简而言之，讲到长句，学生们不需要直接把它们与从句等同起来。句子变长，还有一部分原因是因为句子中嵌入了很多附属成分比如说状语，定语和补语。我们可以利用这个规律，在读长句时有意识地先把这些附属成分先略去不看，先把主干(即主谓)找出来，那我们对句子的理解肯定也能做到八九不离十了。
三、了解一些不常见的句子结构
一些有着特殊结构的句子也成了阅读中的拦路虎。
1. 强调句
比如：(剑桥7，It was only thirty years ago that the building industry felt confident enough to erect office blocks of steel and reinforced concrete that had more than a dozen floors.)
理解强调句的时候可以先将其还原成正常语序的句子，便于理解。 The building industry felt confident enough to erect office blocks of steel and reinforced concrete that had more than a dozen floors only thirty years ago. 建筑行业才开始有信心去建立办公大楼，办公大楼是钢筋混凝土结构，办公大楼超过12层，尽仅仅30年前。重新组合一下这些短句的顺序，就变成建筑行业是从30年前才开始有信心建造超过12层楼高的钢筋混凝土结构的办公大楼。
2. 倒装句
比如：(Down came the “white only” notices in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South.)
这句话因为把down放句首了，用了倒装的结构，正常顺序应该是the “white only” notices came down in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South. ‘in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches’这个介词短语作为后置定语修饰notices。介词短语后面还有一个that引导的定语从句修饰notices。对倒装完成没有概念的同学看到这句话后说不定还会觉得这个句子写错了。
3. the more..., the more... 句型, 翻译成越...，越...
比如：(剑桥6，In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: ‘ The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.’)
事实上，Newman认为采取偏向采用某种交通工具的主要原因是政治：“过程越民主，公共交通就越受欢迎。”)
4. 宾语+宾补
比如：(剑桥7，Food production has kept pace with soaring population mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40% of the world’s food.)
主干是food production has kept pace with soaring population 粮食生产跟上了人口飙升的步伐，后面跟了一个because of artificial irrigation短语作原因状语，并且在irrigation systems后面还跟了一个定语从句that make possible the growth of 40% of the world’s food 来修饰irrigation systems。在这个定语从句里， make possible the growth of 40% of the world’s food这个就是宾语加宾语补足语的结构，the growth of 40% of the world’s food 是宾语，possible是补充说明宾语的结果，合起来就是make the growth of 40% of the world’s food possible。但是为了不让只有一个单词possible作补语看起来太单薄，就将它和he growth of 40% of the world’s food换了位置。但是学生在读句子的时候，应该要自动帮它们还原。
